A SPECTRUM OF STAKEHOLDER PERSPECTIVE TAKING IN EARLY-STAGE DESIGN

Abstract Stakeholder perspective taking is a critical skill in early-stage problem exploration and framing. We examined stakeholder within an design team of engineers at NASA to begin understand what ways under conditions designers adopt perspectives the context professional engineering organizations. Our findings identify spectrum during framing deliberations that ranges from (1) fully stakeholder's point view (POV), (2) interpreting POV using designer's POV, (3) implanting into (4) own POV. also describe appeared encourage or hinder this setting. These are significant because they suggest gauge among working on real-world challenges with societal implications.